Brenner, Robin. Understanding Manga and Anime. London:
Libraries Unlimited, 2007. Print.
Robin Brenner divulges a lot of diversity within it. It has the basic terms that go along with the genre, as well as more “Otaku-istic” terms. It gives the cultural differences of the west and east, and the way they view and produce manga. It gives a list of what the different symbols found in a manga and anime mean. It also gives the differences between the manga geared for boys and those geared for boys. It explains that manga is not for children only, that the range of the audience goes up to those in their middle ages.
This book will be extremely helpful with our project because it explains everything simply and in an entertaining way. It also gives specific examples of why things as the way they are. For example, why big breasted woman can be found in boys manga. It also answers the question of if woman are objectified in manga. This book has explanations on the different types of manga and why they are in existence. They have many of the stereotypes revealed and I believe this can be used to help make our case as to how woman are used in the genre.
Brown, Steven. Cinema Anime. New York Palgrave, 2006. Print.
Steven Brown discusses the different aspects of cinema in this piece. The way things are filmed, as well as the aesthetic behind them are discussed in great detail. Filming animation as opposed to live action is very different. Many things that can be done in one form cannot always be done in the other. The author argues that the way women are portrayed in these films are for a purpose and every image is intentional.
This could be helpful to my project because it is good to know how things are made. It is easy to enjoy the anime on the screen without thinking too much as to what goes into it. The way that these things are put together could shape the way the audience views the characters. It is always helpful to know the how of something when trying to understand it.
Cavallaro, Dani. Anime and the Visual Novel . London: McFarland
and Company, Inc. Publishers, 2010. Print.
Dani Cavallaro devoted this piece to the examination of the serialization of video games into Anime. It discusses how the video games are received from their audience and why there is such a desire for the anime spin-off. The author discusses the characters and how they are portrayed within the video games and what makes them suitable to become anime’s. They discuss the popularity and the input of fan service.
I believe this will be helpful in our project because it gives a different perspective on the genre in general. It talks about going from a video game to an anime. I believe that the ways woman are portrayed in both are going to be a key ingredient to making our research well rounded. It also discusses the different types of woman that are seen within the anime. This will be helpful to see just how many roles woman are cast in.
Cavallaro,Dani. Anime Intersections. London: McFarland &
company, Inc. Publishers, 2007. Print
Dani Cavallaro analyzes a variety of anime movies throughout this text. She argues the pros and cons of the final fantasy movie, going into detail of why it was created. She also does an in-depth analysis of Howl’s Moving castle, one of the more well known of all the anime movies. Even people who are not into anime/manga may have heard of it because it was so popular. In theHowl’s moving castle section, she discusses how things were visually set up and what artistic choices were made.
This could be helpful to my project because Howl’s moving castle is so popular. When people are reading papers they like to be able to associate with the references. Using this movie will appeal to a wider
variety of audiences. Because it was released by Disney, people who are not anime fans may have seen it. They may not even know that it is anime, but they will understand the references.
Cha, Kai-Ming. "Yaoi Manga: What Girls Like?" (2005): n.
page. Web.30
April 2012. <http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.rowan.edu/ehost/detail?
vid=3&hid=8&sid=e01893a6-9d99-4bd1-85fc
3c10b2bbeda3@sessionmgr11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ==
Cha discusses the origin of yaoi and how it began. This article analyses the yaoi fan base and its appeal. Women make up a large percentage of the readers but studies have shown that males also partake in these types of stories. The terminology is defined and spelled out for non yaoi readers to understand. It also defines the roles of the men in the sexual relationship.
This could be helpful for our project because it can give a glimpse into the world of the female reader. Female audience members identify with the uke character and enjoy the forbidden love. Readers can also be turned off to these types of stories if the uke is too feminine, so this article will help explain that line where women love, or hate the characters.
Choo, Kukhee. “Girls Return Home: Portrayal of Femininity in
Popular Japanese Girls Manga and Anime Texts during the 1990s
in Hana yori Dango and Fruits Basket.” Web.3. 19. Taylor &Francis,
2008.
Kukhee Choo goes into great detail concerning two popular manga, Hana yori Dango and fruits basket. These two manga are similar in the fact that they both have female protagonists whom get abused by the men in the family taking care of them. The article will discuss females in manga as well as the role of their femininity. The author of this piece talks about the different gender stereotypes that occur in manga and those influences on the female audience. Using these two popular manga the audience can see how females have changed in the recent years. From the early seventies woman were portrayed as nothing more than sidekicks and were forced to wear tight revealing outfits, this author explains how the idea of women and their place in manga have shifted.
This article will be very helpful while writing our research paper because it will give us insight as to just how much the role of woman has changed. It gives specific examples of what role woman play in manga and we can use that to compare to the role of woman in earlier manga. We will be able to see what has changed and what has not. There may very well be some things that have remained constant over the years regardless of how far women have come.
Cornog, Martha, and Timothy Perper. Contemporary Sexuality . Web.
This article takes about the sexuality in manga. The cross dressing, and girls becoming guys and vice-versa. In japan it is a common practice for manga/anime characters to hide what their true gender really is or to be
mistaken for one of the other. There is an in-depth analysis about Sailor Moon and the sexual tones of the story. It started as a hetero-story but as it goes on it veers off into lesbian couples, bi-sexual and even woman physically turning into men.
This will be helpful to our project because the role of woman does not always have to be mother or teenage girl in love with teenage boy. In this series, as is described, there are girls who are in love with other girls and girls who turn into boys and love boys as well as woman. The variety of the sexual content in this piece makes it different from others that would shy away from the explicit nature contained therein. In fact, the final season of Sailor Moon was never released in English because it is “too sexually explicit” for our poor sheltered psyches.
Cornog, Martha. Graphic Novels beyond the basics.Oxford, England:
ABC-Clio, 2009. Print.
Martha Cornog discusses the foundational aspects of graphic novels. How to read them as well as how to understand them is a key aspect. Even a beginner can learn from this book and become a pro. Cornog defines everything that a prospective fan would need to understand.
I believe that this book could be beneficial to my project to define words that the audience may not be familiar with. This book breaks down step by step how to read graphic novels and makes an otherwise daunting task, easy. The concept of reading right to left can be scary to some people; this book teaches
readers how to tackle it without feeling overwhelmed.
Dollase, Hiromi. Choosing Your Family: Reconfiguring. 44. Wiley
Periodicals, Inc. 2011. eBook.
Hiromi Dollase discusses woman in Japanese literature. Their role as girls and mother is spoken about in depth. They talk about how the mother is an important role model to a young girl. They discuss how mothers are often obscured from literature, often orphaning the heroine so they are not ruled by a parent. The author describes the unrealistic situations that happen to the heroines in these types of stories. The lack of mother is said to “unrestraint” the heroines and give them more freedom. This author disagrees and says that it is giving girls an unrealistic expectation of life and it is not making them face what they will one day become, a woman.
Goldsmith, Francisca. The readers' Advisory Guide to Graphic
Novels. Chicago: American Library Association, 2010. Print.
Francisca Goldsmith argues about graphic novels and how someone goes about reading them. It explains all the terms and defines just what a graphic novel is. It goes into depth about the appeal of graphic novels as well as whom the target audience is for. The author dispels myths that surround the gene, such as they are easy to read, and they are juvenile. These myths are disproved with the reality of just who, and how graphic novels are read. It also provides readers with a plethora of examples as to what is considered a graphic novel, both English and Japanese.
I believe this will be helpful because it will help to describe what a graphic novel is. It will give us a real definition to base our case on. It will also help clear up terms that readers, who are not informed of this culture, will not understand. It also talks about the process of delving further and further into the graphic novel genre, the different steps that you, as the reader, can take to further understand. This will be helpful because, we can explain how people become immersed in the genre.
Lamarre, Thomas. The Anime Machine. London:University of
Minnesota Press, 2009. Print.
Thomas Lamarre argues that women and men have assigned roles that they are destined to stick to. He goes on to mention that women are preconceived to want to play with dolls and boys gravitate toward trucks. According to his findings gender roles play a key part in movies and manga. The images on the screen are often the first things to help steer children in the direction that society expects them to go.
This could be helpful for the project because it gives an opinion about set gender roles. It already has the gender roles assigned and there is no room for wiggling at all. This can be helpful to distinguish the difference of adhering to gender norms as opposed to breaking them. Sometimes the gender rules
were meant to be broken; this text will tell the audience why they should not be.
Napier, Susan. Anime * from Akira to Princess
Mononoke. New York: Palgrave, 2001. Print.
Susan Napier discusses a variety of anime’s in this book. She goes into detail about how society views certain shows and how the characters themselves think and feel. The social implications are more than meets the eye. Things that are occurring in a show may seem silly or unimportant, but there is hidden meaning there.
This book will be helpful for the project because the author goes into detail about Ranma ½. Ranma and his gender switching are crucial to my project and this will give it a layer of depth. The detail in which she evaluates Ranma is extensive and thorough. Ranma’s gender bending is not just an inconvenience; he uses it for personal gain too. Ranma switching back and forth break normal conventions and keeps readers on their toes.
Richoux,Cassie. "Onna Anime ." N.p., 2008. Web. 2 Apr. 2012.
<http://otakusurvivalguide.com/genreproject.pdf> .
Richoux argues the role of women in the Anime culture. It gives points on how woman are portrayed and the roles of mothers. It goes on to discuss the different types of woman seen in Anime as well as the stereotypes they fulfill. A poll was conducted and the results showed who fans relate to, hate and want to be most like.
This can be used within our research project to demonstrate just how big of a woman fan base there is in America. We can judge what types of stereotypes the fans accept and which they detest. This will also help us understand why these anime’s are made and why woman continue to read them. We can discuss the roles of woman in anime and how they affect the real lives of the fans who read them.
Woods, Grenrock. "Sex." 144.6 (2005): n. page. Print.
<http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?sid=b9652643-260c b7a280f6549dd07a@sessionmgr11&vid=4&hid=11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ==
Grenrock Woods discusses the act of sexual intercourse in this text. This author discusses different types of fantasy’s and why some of the fetishes have come to be. She also analyses sex objects such as cock rings, and lubricant. She discusses the Japanese sex industry and the specific types of pornography that erupted.
I believe that this will be helpful for our project because it describes woman in these fantasies. They play the role of willing sexual deviants that simply need the right man to coax them from their shells. They also enjoy when a group of men ejaculate onto their faces one right after the other. This shows woman in a
specific light. They are being used to fulfill these fantasies Japan has a certain type of porn called Hentai that woman are used to portray wild sexual acts, such as tentacle rape.
Zanghellini, Aleardo. "'Boys love' in anime and manga: Japanese
subcultural production and its end users.." (2009): n. page. Web.
29 Apr. 2012.
<http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.rowan.edu/ehost/detail?
vid=3&hid=8&sid=e01893a6-9d99
4bd1985fc3c10b2bbeda3@sessionmgr11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ==
Zanghellini answers many questions that readers have about Yaoi in this text. He explains what Yaoi is and the reason it exists. He examines the female audience and their role in enlarging the fan base. He also discusses the feminine qualities of the “uke” and answers why women identify with this character.
This may be helpful because it explains why a manga with virtually no women inside, would have such a huge woman fan base. It will give a new side to the argument of women’s roles in manga. Their role in yaoi is so minuscule, but does that mean it is less important? The roles of women are shown in a different light thanks to this text.
Libraries Unlimited, 2007. Print.
Robin Brenner divulges a lot of diversity within it. It has the basic terms that go along with the genre, as well as more “Otaku-istic” terms. It gives the cultural differences of the west and east, and the way they view and produce manga. It gives a list of what the different symbols found in a manga and anime mean. It also gives the differences between the manga geared for boys and those geared for boys. It explains that manga is not for children only, that the range of the audience goes up to those in their middle ages.
This book will be extremely helpful with our project because it explains everything simply and in an entertaining way. It also gives specific examples of why things as the way they are. For example, why big breasted woman can be found in boys manga. It also answers the question of if woman are objectified in manga. This book has explanations on the different types of manga and why they are in existence. They have many of the stereotypes revealed and I believe this can be used to help make our case as to how woman are used in the genre.
Brown, Steven. Cinema Anime. New York Palgrave, 2006. Print.
Steven Brown discusses the different aspects of cinema in this piece. The way things are filmed, as well as the aesthetic behind them are discussed in great detail. Filming animation as opposed to live action is very different. Many things that can be done in one form cannot always be done in the other. The author argues that the way women are portrayed in these films are for a purpose and every image is intentional.
This could be helpful to my project because it is good to know how things are made. It is easy to enjoy the anime on the screen without thinking too much as to what goes into it. The way that these things are put together could shape the way the audience views the characters. It is always helpful to know the how of something when trying to understand it.
Cavallaro, Dani. Anime and the Visual Novel . London: McFarland
and Company, Inc. Publishers, 2010. Print.
Dani Cavallaro devoted this piece to the examination of the serialization of video games into Anime. It discusses how the video games are received from their audience and why there is such a desire for the anime spin-off. The author discusses the characters and how they are portrayed within the video games and what makes them suitable to become anime’s. They discuss the popularity and the input of fan service.
I believe this will be helpful in our project because it gives a different perspective on the genre in general. It talks about going from a video game to an anime. I believe that the ways woman are portrayed in both are going to be a key ingredient to making our research well rounded. It also discusses the different types of woman that are seen within the anime. This will be helpful to see just how many roles woman are cast in.
Cavallaro,Dani. Anime Intersections. London: McFarland &
company, Inc. Publishers, 2007. Print
Dani Cavallaro analyzes a variety of anime movies throughout this text. She argues the pros and cons of the final fantasy movie, going into detail of why it was created. She also does an in-depth analysis of Howl’s Moving castle, one of the more well known of all the anime movies. Even people who are not into anime/manga may have heard of it because it was so popular. In theHowl’s moving castle section, she discusses how things were visually set up and what artistic choices were made.
This could be helpful to my project because Howl’s moving castle is so popular. When people are reading papers they like to be able to associate with the references. Using this movie will appeal to a wider
variety of audiences. Because it was released by Disney, people who are not anime fans may have seen it. They may not even know that it is anime, but they will understand the references.
Cha, Kai-Ming. "Yaoi Manga: What Girls Like?" (2005): n.
page. Web.30
April 2012. <http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.rowan.edu/ehost/detail?
vid=3&hid=8&sid=e01893a6-9d99-4bd1-85fc
3c10b2bbeda3@sessionmgr11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ==
Cha discusses the origin of yaoi and how it began. This article analyses the yaoi fan base and its appeal. Women make up a large percentage of the readers but studies have shown that males also partake in these types of stories. The terminology is defined and spelled out for non yaoi readers to understand. It also defines the roles of the men in the sexual relationship.
This could be helpful for our project because it can give a glimpse into the world of the female reader. Female audience members identify with the uke character and enjoy the forbidden love. Readers can also be turned off to these types of stories if the uke is too feminine, so this article will help explain that line where women love, or hate the characters.
Choo, Kukhee. “Girls Return Home: Portrayal of Femininity in
Popular Japanese Girls Manga and Anime Texts during the 1990s
in Hana yori Dango and Fruits Basket.” Web.3. 19. Taylor &Francis,
2008.
Kukhee Choo goes into great detail concerning two popular manga, Hana yori Dango and fruits basket. These two manga are similar in the fact that they both have female protagonists whom get abused by the men in the family taking care of them. The article will discuss females in manga as well as the role of their femininity. The author of this piece talks about the different gender stereotypes that occur in manga and those influences on the female audience. Using these two popular manga the audience can see how females have changed in the recent years. From the early seventies woman were portrayed as nothing more than sidekicks and were forced to wear tight revealing outfits, this author explains how the idea of women and their place in manga have shifted.
This article will be very helpful while writing our research paper because it will give us insight as to just how much the role of woman has changed. It gives specific examples of what role woman play in manga and we can use that to compare to the role of woman in earlier manga. We will be able to see what has changed and what has not. There may very well be some things that have remained constant over the years regardless of how far women have come.
Cornog, Martha, and Timothy Perper. Contemporary Sexuality . Web.
This article takes about the sexuality in manga. The cross dressing, and girls becoming guys and vice-versa. In japan it is a common practice for manga/anime characters to hide what their true gender really is or to be
mistaken for one of the other. There is an in-depth analysis about Sailor Moon and the sexual tones of the story. It started as a hetero-story but as it goes on it veers off into lesbian couples, bi-sexual and even woman physically turning into men.
This will be helpful to our project because the role of woman does not always have to be mother or teenage girl in love with teenage boy. In this series, as is described, there are girls who are in love with other girls and girls who turn into boys and love boys as well as woman. The variety of the sexual content in this piece makes it different from others that would shy away from the explicit nature contained therein. In fact, the final season of Sailor Moon was never released in English because it is “too sexually explicit” for our poor sheltered psyches.
Cornog, Martha. Graphic Novels beyond the basics.Oxford, England:
ABC-Clio, 2009. Print.
Martha Cornog discusses the foundational aspects of graphic novels. How to read them as well as how to understand them is a key aspect. Even a beginner can learn from this book and become a pro. Cornog defines everything that a prospective fan would need to understand.
I believe that this book could be beneficial to my project to define words that the audience may not be familiar with. This book breaks down step by step how to read graphic novels and makes an otherwise daunting task, easy. The concept of reading right to left can be scary to some people; this book teaches
readers how to tackle it without feeling overwhelmed.
Dollase, Hiromi. Choosing Your Family: Reconfiguring. 44. Wiley
Periodicals, Inc. 2011. eBook.
Hiromi Dollase discusses woman in Japanese literature. Their role as girls and mother is spoken about in depth. They talk about how the mother is an important role model to a young girl. They discuss how mothers are often obscured from literature, often orphaning the heroine so they are not ruled by a parent. The author describes the unrealistic situations that happen to the heroines in these types of stories. The lack of mother is said to “unrestraint” the heroines and give them more freedom. This author disagrees and says that it is giving girls an unrealistic expectation of life and it is not making them face what they will one day become, a woman.
Goldsmith, Francisca. The readers' Advisory Guide to Graphic
Novels. Chicago: American Library Association, 2010. Print.
Francisca Goldsmith argues about graphic novels and how someone goes about reading them. It explains all the terms and defines just what a graphic novel is. It goes into depth about the appeal of graphic novels as well as whom the target audience is for. The author dispels myths that surround the gene, such as they are easy to read, and they are juvenile. These myths are disproved with the reality of just who, and how graphic novels are read. It also provides readers with a plethora of examples as to what is considered a graphic novel, both English and Japanese.
I believe this will be helpful because it will help to describe what a graphic novel is. It will give us a real definition to base our case on. It will also help clear up terms that readers, who are not informed of this culture, will not understand. It also talks about the process of delving further and further into the graphic novel genre, the different steps that you, as the reader, can take to further understand. This will be helpful because, we can explain how people become immersed in the genre.
Lamarre, Thomas. The Anime Machine. London:University of
Minnesota Press, 2009. Print.
Thomas Lamarre argues that women and men have assigned roles that they are destined to stick to. He goes on to mention that women are preconceived to want to play with dolls and boys gravitate toward trucks. According to his findings gender roles play a key part in movies and manga. The images on the screen are often the first things to help steer children in the direction that society expects them to go.
This could be helpful for the project because it gives an opinion about set gender roles. It already has the gender roles assigned and there is no room for wiggling at all. This can be helpful to distinguish the difference of adhering to gender norms as opposed to breaking them. Sometimes the gender rules
were meant to be broken; this text will tell the audience why they should not be.
Napier, Susan. Anime * from Akira to Princess
Mononoke. New York: Palgrave, 2001. Print.
Susan Napier discusses a variety of anime’s in this book. She goes into detail about how society views certain shows and how the characters themselves think and feel. The social implications are more than meets the eye. Things that are occurring in a show may seem silly or unimportant, but there is hidden meaning there.
This book will be helpful for the project because the author goes into detail about Ranma ½. Ranma and his gender switching are crucial to my project and this will give it a layer of depth. The detail in which she evaluates Ranma is extensive and thorough. Ranma’s gender bending is not just an inconvenience; he uses it for personal gain too. Ranma switching back and forth break normal conventions and keeps readers on their toes.
Richoux,Cassie. "Onna Anime ." N.p., 2008. Web. 2 Apr. 2012.
<http://otakusurvivalguide.com/genreproject.pdf> .
Richoux argues the role of women in the Anime culture. It gives points on how woman are portrayed and the roles of mothers. It goes on to discuss the different types of woman seen in Anime as well as the stereotypes they fulfill. A poll was conducted and the results showed who fans relate to, hate and want to be most like.
This can be used within our research project to demonstrate just how big of a woman fan base there is in America. We can judge what types of stereotypes the fans accept and which they detest. This will also help us understand why these anime’s are made and why woman continue to read them. We can discuss the roles of woman in anime and how they affect the real lives of the fans who read them.
Woods, Grenrock. "Sex." 144.6 (2005): n. page. Print.
<http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?sid=b9652643-260c b7a280f6549dd07a@sessionmgr11&vid=4&hid=11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ==
Grenrock Woods discusses the act of sexual intercourse in this text. This author discusses different types of fantasy’s and why some of the fetishes have come to be. She also analyses sex objects such as cock rings, and lubricant. She discusses the Japanese sex industry and the specific types of pornography that erupted.
I believe that this will be helpful for our project because it describes woman in these fantasies. They play the role of willing sexual deviants that simply need the right man to coax them from their shells. They also enjoy when a group of men ejaculate onto their faces one right after the other. This shows woman in a
specific light. They are being used to fulfill these fantasies Japan has a certain type of porn called Hentai that woman are used to portray wild sexual acts, such as tentacle rape.
Zanghellini, Aleardo. "'Boys love' in anime and manga: Japanese
subcultural production and its end users.." (2009): n. page. Web.
29 Apr. 2012.
<http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.rowan.edu/ehost/detail?
vid=3&hid=8&sid=e01893a6-9d99
4bd1985fc3c10b2bbeda3@sessionmgr11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ==
Zanghellini answers many questions that readers have about Yaoi in this text. He explains what Yaoi is and the reason it exists. He examines the female audience and their role in enlarging the fan base. He also discusses the feminine qualities of the “uke” and answers why women identify with this character.
This may be helpful because it explains why a manga with virtually no women inside, would have such a huge woman fan base. It will give a new side to the argument of women’s roles in manga. Their role in yaoi is so minuscule, but does that mean it is less important? The roles of women are shown in a different light thanks to this text.